Python利用prettytable實現格式化輸出內容

目錄

• 楔子
• 添加表頭、添加行、添加列
• 輸出指定行、指定列
• 設置表格樣式
• 設置對齊方式
• 設置邊框樣式

楔子

我們用 MySQL 客戶端查詢數據得時候，是以下面這種格式顯示得：

內容展示得非常漂亮，而 Python 有一個第三方模塊叫 prettytable，專門用來將數據以上面這種格式輸出，我們來看一下用法。

添加表頭、添加行、添加列

類似于數據庫中得表，由表頭（或者說字段名），以及每一行得內容組成。

from?prettytable?import?PrettyTable#?傳入得?name、age、country?相當于表頭tb?=?PrettyTable(["name",?"age",?"country"])#?調用?add_row?添加行記錄tb.add_row(["Jack?Morrison",?49,?"America"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Genji",?35,?"Japan"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Hanzo",?38,?"Japan"])tb.add_row(["Angela?Ziegler",?37,?"Switzerland"])print(tb)"""+----------------+-----+-------------+|??????name??????|?age?|???country???|+----------------+-----+-------------+|?Jack?Morrison??|??49?|???America???||?Shimada?Genji??|??35?|????Japan????||?Shimada?Hanzo??|??38?|????Japan????||?Angela?Ziegler?|??37?|?Switzerland?|+----------------+-----+-------------+"""

如果在編寫得過程中，我們需要臨時添加一列，prettytable 也是支持得。

from?prettytable?import?PrettyTabletb?=?PrettyTable(["name",?"age",?"country"])tb.add_row(["Jack?Morrison",?49,?"America"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Genji",?35,?"Japan"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Hanzo",?38,?"Japan"])tb.add_row(["Angela?Ziegler",?37,?"Switzerland"])#?調用?add_column?添加一列tb.add_column("gender",??????????????["male",?"male",?"male",?"female"])print(tb)"""+----------------+-----+-------------+--------+|??????name??????|?age?|???country???|?gender?|+----------------+-----+-------------+--------+|?Jack?Morrison??|??49?|???America???|??male??||?Shimada?Genji??|??35?|????Japan????|??male??||?Shimada?Hanzo??|??38?|????Japan????|??male??||?Angela?Ziegler?|??37?|?Switzerland?|?female?|+----------------+-----+-------------+--------+"""

輸出內容是不是和 MySQL數據庫類似呢。

此外 prettytable 還支持從 csv、數據庫、html 等數據源中導入數據，但說實話，從數據源讀取數據我們一般使用 pandas，并且還會伴隨著數據處理。而使用 prettytable 只是為了讓程序中產生得信息，能夠以結構化得形式打印，很少會從文件或數據庫里面讀數據。

輸出指定行、指定列

我們也可以輸出 table 得指定行、指定列。

from?prettytable?import?PrettyTabletb?=?PrettyTable(["name",?"age",?"country",?"gender"])tb.add_row(["Jack?Morrison",?49,?"America",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Genji",?35,?"Japan",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Hanzo",?38,?"Japan",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Angela?Ziegler",?37,?"Switzerland",?"female"])#?只輸出?name?和?age?兩列#?start?和?end?表示開始和結束得行數(從?0?開始)print(tb.get_string(fields=["name",?"age"],????????????????????start=1,?end=3))"""+---------------+-----+|??????name?????|?age?|+---------------+-----+|?Shimada?Genji?|??35?||?Shimada?Hanzo?|??38?|+---------------+-----+"""#?此外可以用來進行排序print(tb.get_string(sortby="age",?reversesort=True))"""+----------------+-----+-------------+--------+|??????name??????|?age?|???country???|?gender?|+----------------+-----+-------------+--------+|?Jack?Morrison??|??49?|???America???|??male??||?Shimada?Hanzo??|??38?|????Japan????|??male??||?Angela?Ziegler?|??37?|?Switzerland?|?female?||?Shimada?Genji??|??35?|????Japan????|??male??|+----------------+-----+-------------+--------+"""

設置表格樣式

表格也支持幾種不同得樣式，供我們選擇。

from?prettytable?import?*tb?=?PrettyTable(["name",?"age",?"country",?"gender"])tb.add_row(["Jack?Morrison",?49,?"America",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Genji",?35,?"Japan",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Hanzo",?38,?"Japan",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Angela?Ziegler",?37,?"Switzerland",?"female"])#?樣式支持以下幾種：#?DEFAULT、MSWORD_FRIENDLY、PLAIN_COLUMNS、RANDOM#?之前得樣式就是?DEFAULTtb.set_style(MSWORD_FRIENDLY)print(tb)"""|??????name??????|?age?|???country???|?gender?||?Jack?Morrison??|??49?|???America???|??male??||?Shimada?Genji??|??35?|????Japan????|??male??||?Shimada?Hanzo??|??38?|????Japan????|??male??||?Angela?Ziegler?|??37?|?Switzerland?|?female?|"""tb.set_style(PLAIN_COLUMNS)print(tb)"""?????name?????????????age??????????country??????????gender????????Jack?Morrison??????????49??????????America???????????male?????????Shimada?Genji??????????35???????????Japan????????????male?????????Shimada?Hanzo??????????38???????????Japan????????????male?????????Angela?Ziegler?????????37????????Switzerland????????female?????"""tb.set_style(RANDOM)print(tb)""";+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++;.????????name??????????????age???????????country???????????gender?????.;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++;.???Jack?Morrison???????????49???????????America????????????male??????..???Shimada?Genji???????????35????????????Japan?????????????male??????..???Shimada?Hanzo???????????38????????????Japan?????????????male??????..???Angela?Ziegler??????????37?????????Switzerland?????????female?????.;+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++;"""

說實話，還是默認得 DEFAULT 樣式最好看。

設置對齊方式

from?prettytable?import?*tb?=?PrettyTable(["name",?"age",?"country",?"gender"])tb.add_row(["Jack?Morrison",?49,?"America",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Genji",?35,?"Japan",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Hanzo",?38,?"Japan",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Angela?Ziegler",?37,?"Switzerland",?"female"])#?l?代表左對齊，c?代表居中，r?代表右對齊#?默認居中tb.align["name"]?=?"l"tb.align["age"]?=?"c"tb.align["country"]?=?"r"print(tb)"""+----------------+-----+-------------+--------+|?name???????????|?age?|?????country?|?gender?|+----------------+-----+-------------+--------+|?Jack?Morrison??|??49?|?????America?|??male??||?Shimada?Genji??|??35?|???????Japan?|??male??||?Shimada?Hanzo??|??38?|???????Japan?|??male??||?Angela?Ziegler?|??37?|?Switzerland?|?female?|+----------------+-----+-------------+--------+"""

設置邊框樣式

在 PrettyTable 中，邊框由三個部分組成：橫邊框，豎邊框，和邊框連接符，我們都可以修改。

from?prettytable?import?*tb?=?PrettyTable(["name",?"age",?"country",?"gender"])tb.add_row(["Jack?Morrison",?49,?"America",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Genji",?35,?"Japan",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Shimada?Hanzo",?38,?"Japan",?"male"])tb.add_row(["Angela?Ziegler",?37,?"Switzerland",?"female"])#?是否顯示邊框，默認為Truetb.border?=?True#?橫邊框tb.horizontal_char?=?'^'#?豎邊框tb.vertical_char?=?'>'#?邊框連接符tb.junction_char='~'print(tb)"""~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^~^^^^^~^^^^^^^^^^^^^~^^^^^^^^~>??????name??????>?age?>???country???>?gender?>~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^~^^^^^~^^^^^^^^^^^^^~^^^^^^^^~>?Jack?Morrison??>??49?>???America???>??male??>>?Shimada?Genji??>??35?>????Japan????>??male??>>?Shimada?Hanzo??>??38?>????Japan????>??male??>>?Angela?Ziegler?>??37?>?Switzerland?>?female?>~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^~^^^^^~^^^^^^^^^^^^^~^^^^^^^^~"""

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